用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)，had+done。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示的是站在某個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，對(duì)這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前發(fā)生的一個(gè)或一系列動(dòng)作的總結(jié)。When they reached there，the ship had set off.（當(dāng)他們到達(dá)那里的時(shí)候，船已經(jīng)開(kāi)了。）

結(jié)構(gòu)

主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

①肯定句:主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他。

②否定句:主語(yǔ)+had+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他。

③疑問(wèn)句:Had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他?

肯定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)+had.

否定回答:No,主語(yǔ)+hadn't.

④特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組+had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他?

⑤被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)+had(not) +been+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他。

例句

過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:

1. by the end of last+時(shí)間段. By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words.

到上學(xué)期末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了5000個(gè)新詞。

2. By the time sb. +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如:The bus had already left by the time I got there.

3.By (the time of)+時(shí)間段

By the time of last year ,we had built two bridges.