have sb/sth done.表示使……被……，讓……做……。這是一種習(xí)慣用法。如：He had his leg broken.他傷到了腿。The teacher had Li Ming stood outside for he was late.老師因?yàn)槔蠲鬟t到而讓他站在外面。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done)

①表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。

例：I bought a new house, but I haven't sold my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.

我買了一所新房子，但是還沒有賣掉舊的，所以現(xiàn)在我又兩所房子。

②表示從過去某時(shí)刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

時(shí)間狀語常用since加一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。

例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.

雖然牛頓是個(gè)偉大的人物，但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正。

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have/has been doing)

表示某一動(dòng)作開始于過去某一時(shí)間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.

到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。