虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的話不是事實，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測。虛擬語氣主要用于if條件狀語從句，也可用于主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。以下是小編整理的內(nèi)容，大家可以參考。

虛擬語氣的用法歸納

1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況

從句：If+主語+動詞一般過去時(Be動詞用were)

主句：主語+ should/would/might/could+do：

eg：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.

如果我是你，我會帶把傘。(事實：我不可能是你)

2、表示與過去事實相反的情況

從句：If+主語+had+done

主句：主語+should/would/might/could+have done

eg：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.

如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。(事實：去晚了)

3、表示與將來事實相反

從句：①if+主語+were to do

②if+主語+should+do

③if+主語+動詞一般過去式(be動詞用were)

主句：主語+should/would/might/could+do

eg：If she were to be here next Monday，I would tell her about the matter.

如果她下周一來這兒的話，我就會告訴她這件事的始末。(事實：來的可能性很小，不可能)

虛擬語氣的應(yīng)用實例

1.與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣,if從句中的謂語用過去式(be用were),主句用would/could/mightshould+動詞原形。

If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer.

我如果有足夠的錢，會為自己買一臺電腦。

If I were you, I would forgive Mary.

如果我是你，我就會原諒瑪麗。

2.與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句謂語過去式(be用were)/should+動詞原形/were to+動詞原形，主句謂語would/could/might/should do.

If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.

我如果明天見到他，會邀請他到家里來。

·If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.

要是我來做這項工作，我會用另一種方法。

3.與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，主句謂語should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞,If 條件從句的謂語形式had+過去分詞詞。

If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.

如果去年雨水充足的話，我們可能會有一個好收成。

If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone for a picnic.如果昨天天氣好的話，我們就去野餐了。

4. wish后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，從句的謂語形式虛擬情況

與現(xiàn)在事實相反用：過去式(be用were)

與過去事實相反had+過去分詞

與將來事實相反would/ could/might+動詞原形

I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

我希望我是一只鳥，可以在天空中自由地飛翔。