when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；when從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生。

when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的用法

一、有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的含義(=at the time that...),此時(shí)when后的從句是用來說明前面主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景.例如:

James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.當(dāng)我和詹姆斯講話的時(shí)候,他假裝耳聾.

二、有“正……忽然……”的含義,表示突然發(fā)生某事.此時(shí)是when前的主句說明when后面句子之中動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景.例如:

I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang.我正要離開辦公室時(shí),忽然電話鈴響了.

注意:在這種句型中一般不可把when放在句首.

三、有“無論什么時(shí)候……”的含義,與whenever的意思差不多,但語氣較輕.此時(shí)when后的從句說明主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景.例如:

When the wind blows,all the doors rattle.只要風(fēng)一吹,所有的門都吱吱嘎嘎作響.

四、有“本該(可)……而(卻)……”的含義,此時(shí)when含有對(duì)比意義.例如:

They have only three copies when we need five.我們本該需要五本,而他們卻只有三本.

五、有“既然……”的含義.此時(shí)when從句說明主句的理由或是一種借故.例如:

I can’t tell you anything when you won’t listen.既然你不想聽,我就不告訴你了.

六、有“如果,要是(=if)”的含義,此時(shí)when從句表示條件,意思上接近“在……的情況下”.例如:

Come when you are ready.如果(要是)你準(zhǔn)備好了,就來吧.

七、有“還沒(剛剛)……就……”的含義,此時(shí)表示主、從句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生.例如:

I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.我剛開門,他就打我.

八、有“那時(shí)或然后”的含義,此時(shí)when前往往有“,”號(hào).例如:

They arrive at 6,when we all have dinner.他們六點(diǎn)到,那時(shí)(然后)我們大家一起吃飯.

九、有“其實(shí)或雖然……但是……”的含義,此時(shí)when的意思接近although.例如:

She stopped trying,when she might succeed next time.她不再嘗試了,其實(shí)下一次說不定會(huì)成功.

注意:有時(shí)when引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí),在不影響文意的情況下往往將從句中某些成分省去,因此,常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)以下結(jié)構(gòu):

1.When+現(xiàn)在分詞.例如:

When sleeping,I never hear a thing.睡覺時(shí),我什么都聽不見.

2.When+過去分詞.例如:

This dictionary will look nice when printed.這本詞典印出來時(shí)會(huì)很好看.

3.When+名詞或形容詞.例如:

When a boy,he was sick all the time.小的時(shí)候,他經(jīng)常生病.

4.When+介詞短語.例如:

When at Rome do as the Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗.

常見時(shí)間狀語有哪些

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday,

2、一般過去時(shí) yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now

3、一般將來時(shí) next…, tomorrow, in+時(shí)間

4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently

5、過去完成時(shí) before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as

6、過去進(jìn)行時(shí) this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while

7、將來進(jìn)行時(shí) soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening