大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試即將來(lái)臨，相信很多同學(xué)也已經(jīng)報(bào)名準(zhǔn)備參加考試了，現(xiàn)在正處于緊張的復(fù)習(xí)狀態(tài)當(dāng)中。下面小編為大家整理了大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法方面的相關(guān)知識(shí)，希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?/p>

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)必考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

時(shí)態(tài)

1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(have/has been + -ing 分詞構(gòu)成): 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始,繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結(jié)束.

I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

I’ve been sitting in the garden.

2)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(由had been + ing分詞構(gòu)成): 過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

I’d been working for some time when he called.

We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

3)將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí): 將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.

By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

4)將來(lái)完成時(shí)(由shall/will have + 過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成): 將來(lái)某時(shí)已發(fā)生的事.

I shall have finished this one before lunch.

They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

語(yǔ)態(tài)

可以有兩種被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的類(lèi)型,例如:

He was said to be jealous of her success.

It was said that he was jealous of her success.

能同時(shí)適用于上述兩個(gè)句型的主動(dòng)詞通常都是表示“估計(jì)”,“相信”等意義的'動(dòng)詞,常見(jiàn)的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,

understand等.

It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

擔(dān)當(dāng)be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時(shí)往往表示不同的意義.例如:

Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應(yīng)該曉得速度限制)

雙賓語(yǔ)及賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面,但多數(shù)是把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ).

He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

She was called Big Sister by everybody.

Then he was made a squad leader.

He was considered quite qualified for the job.

The room was always kept clean and tidy.

短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

Vi + adv

The plane took off two hours late.

Vi + prep

They looked round the Cathedral.

Vi + prep (有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)各題型分值

一、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文

說(shuō)明：寫(xiě)作部分占整套試卷的15% =106.5分

在這部分要達(dá)到63.9分為及格。

時(shí)間：30分鐘

二、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力部分=248.5分

聽(tīng)力部分占整套試題的35%，除聽(tīng)力篇章外每個(gè)題都是7.1分。

1、短篇新聞 7% 共7小題，每小題7.1分。

2、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話 8% 8個(gè)題目 每小題7.1分。

3、聽(tīng)力篇章 20% 共10個(gè)小題，每小題14.2分。

時(shí)間：25分鐘。在這部分你要達(dá)到149分為及格，做對(duì)14個(gè)左右即可。

三、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解 35% =248.5分

閱讀部分占整套試題的35%，選詞填空每題3.55分，其余每題都是7.1分。

1、選詞填空 5% 10個(gè)題，每小題3.55分

2、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀 10% 10個(gè)題，每小題7.1分。

3、仔細(xì)閱讀 20% 10個(gè)題 共2篇，一篇5個(gè)題，每小題14.2分。

時(shí)間：40分鐘 在這部分你要達(dá)到149分為及格，做對(duì)18個(gè)左右即可。

四、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯部分 漢譯英 15% 30分鐘 =106.5分。